Safe and selective activation of CD28 on T cells
Despite advances in cancer immunotherapy, resistance and relapse remain common. Bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) targeting CD28 enhance T cell activation mediated through the T cell receptor (TCR), known as “signal 1”. Unlike CD28 monoclonal agonistic antibodies, bsAbs need tumor-associated antigen (TAA) binding to activate CD28. Thus, tumor-targeted CD28 bsAbs only prompt T cell activation within the tumor microenvironment, by connecting T cells to TAAs on cancer cells and unleashing their full cytotoxic potential with "signal 2".
In the case of NI-3201 targeting CD28/PD-L1, the CD28 co-stimulation is dependent on the engagement and blockade of PD-L1, as shown in the video below
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